The Enhancement of Indoor Hydroponics Using Mechatronics Methodology (GROOT)

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, October 6 University, 6th of October City, 12585, Giza, Egypt.

Abstract

Hydroponics is a promising solution for sustainable agriculture, offering precise control over plant growth conditions while minimizing resource consumption. This study presents GROOT, an advanced and cost-effective smart hydroponic system that integrates mechatronics, IoT, and automation to optimize indoor farming. The system consists of pH and TDS sensors, an automated irrigation module, and a THOR robotic arm, which collectively enhances nutrient management, environmental monitoring, and plant care. GROOT was evaluated using kabocha lettuce, demonstrating a 20% faster growth rate compared to traditional hydroponic methods, with improved biomass and leaf quality. The system maintained optimal growth conditions by regulating pH (5.5–6.5), electrical conductivity (0.9–1.05 mS/cm), temperature (15°C–24°C), and humidity (60–75%). Additionally, the THOR robotic arm reduced manual intervention by over 80%, automating plant monitoring and nutrient adjustments. Future advancements will focus on refining sensor calibration, integrating AI and machine learning for predictive analytics, and expanding the system’s adaptability to monitor key macronutrients (N, P, K, Mg). By leveraging automation and real-time monitoring, GROOT lays the foundation for scalable, high-efficiency, and sustainable indoor farming solutions, contributing to food security and resource-efficient agriculture.

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International Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences-October 6 University
Volume 2, Issue 2
July 2025
Pages 110-132

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