Optimal Placement of Fast Electric Vehicle Charging Station on Radial Distribution Network by using Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm Technique.

Document Type : Research Article

Abstract

In recent years, as a result of population growth and the strong demand for energy resources, there has been an increase in greenhouse gas emissions. Thus, it is necessary to find solutions to reduce these emissions. This will make the use of electric vehicles (EV) more attractive and reduce the high dependency on internal combustion vehicles. However, the integration of electric vehicles will pose some challenges. For example, it will be necessary to increase the number of fast electric vehicle charging stations (FEVCS) to make electric mobility more attractive. Due to the high-power levels involved in these systems, there are voltage drops that affect the voltage profile of some nodes of the distribution networks. This paper presents a methodology based on a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm that is used to find the optimal location of fast charging stations that cause the minimum impact on the grid voltage profile so the voltage level will be very close to the base case without the FEVCS and also making the total active power losses in the distribution network very close to that of the base case but with the big load EVCS are added to network. Two case studies are considered to evaluate the behaviour of the distribution grid with different numbers of EV charging stations connected. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that the PSO provides an efficient way to find the best charging station locations, ensuring that the grid voltage profile is within the regulatory limits and that the value of losses is minimized. The proposed methodology is demonstrated with IEEE 33 bus distribution system.

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